Monthly Archives: April 2022

Can Low-Dose of Dietary Vitamin E Supplementation Reduce Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage and Oxidative Stress? A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Myunghee Kim, Hyeyoon Eo, Josephine Gahyun Lim, Hyunjung Lim, Yunsook Lim

Nutrients . 2022 Apr 12;14(8):1599. doi: 10.3390/nu14081599.

Abstract

Vitamin E plays an important role in attenuating muscle damage caused by oxidative stress and inflammation. Despites of beneficial effects from antioxidant supplementation, effects of antioxidants on exercise-induced muscle damage are still unclear. The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate the effects of dietary vitamin E supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The literature search was conducted through PubMed, Medline, Science Direct, Scopus, SPORTDiscuss, EBSCO, Google Scholar database up to February 2022. A total of 44 RCTs were selected, quality was assessed according to the Cochrane collaboration risk of bias tool (CCRBT), and they were analyzed by Revman 5.3. Dietary vitamin E supplementation had a protective effect on muscle damage represented by creatine kinase (CK; SMD -1.00, 95% CI: -1.95, -0.06) and lactate dehydrogenase (SMD -1.80, 95% CI: -3.21, -0.39). Muscle damage was more reduced when CK was measured immediately after exercise (SMD -1.89, 95% CI: -3.39, -0.39) and subjects were athletes (SMD -5.15, 95% CI: -9.92, -0.39). Especially vitamin E supplementation lower than 500 IU had more beneficial effects on exercise-induced muscle damage as measured by CK (SMD -1.94, 95% CI: -2.99, -0.89). In conclusion, dietary vitamin E supplementation lower than 500 IU could prevent exercise-induced muscle damage and had greater impact on athletes.

Read more

Effect of vitamin E supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors, inflammatory and oxidative markers and hormonal functions in PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome): a systematic review and meta-analysis

Ghazale Tefagh, Moloud Payab, Mostafa Qorbani, Farshad Sharifi, Yasaman Sharifi, Mahbubeh Sadat Ebrahimnegad Shirvani, Farzad Pourghazi, Rasha Atlasi, Zhaleh Shadman, Nafiseh Rezaei, Erfan Mohammadi-Vajari, Bagher Larijani, Mahbube Ebrahimpur

Sci Rep . 2022 Apr 6;12(1):5770. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-09082-3.

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy among reproductive-age women. Various therapeutical approaches are currently used to manage or control symptoms associated with PCOS. This systematic review intended to assess the effects of Vit E supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors, inflammatory and oxidative markers, and hormonal functions in PCOS women based on the clinical trial’s results. The databases including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Embase were used to find all relevant studies. The authors reviewed all relevant clinical trials via systematic evaluation of abstracts and titles. Searches were conducted on August 1, 2020. After the initial search and reading of the article’s title and abstract, 353 articles were reviewed; finally, 12 articles met the inclusion criteria. Vitamin E supplementation improves lipid profile, decreases insulin and HOMA-IR levels. Furthermore, while Vitamin E supplementation decreases LH and testosterone concentrations, it increases FSH and progestrone concentrations. The following meta-analysis showed that vitamin E supplementation made statistically significant improvements in triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) levels, meanwhile, pooled mean difference for waist circumference (WC) and HOMA-IR were also statistically significant. Supplementary regimens containing vitamin E can positively affect metabolic and hormonal parameters in women with PCOS.

Read more

Immunomodulatory Effects of α-Tocopherol on the H1N1 Influenza Vaccine: Improving the Potency and Efficacy of the Influenza Vaccine in Aged Mice

Yasaman Eshraghi, Yasaman Vahdani, Pegah Karimi, Meghdad Abdollahpour-Alitappeh, Asghar Abdoli, Morteza Taghizadeh 8, Mehdi Mahdavi

Viral Immunol . 2022 Apr;35(3):244-253. doi: 10.1089/vim.2021.0154.

Abstract

Declined immune response is the main cause of decreased potency of the influenza vaccine in the elderly, regardless of virus mutations. Herein, we hypothesized that the addition of α-tocopherol to the influenza vaccine formulation might increase vaccine potency and efficacy. Hemagglutinin of the H1N1 virus was formulated in Alum and α-tocopherol, and then aged (16-20-month-old) and young (6-8-week-old) mice were immunized subcutaneously two times with 2-week intervals with 5 μg of different vaccine formulations. Two weeks after the final boosting, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines were assessed by using ELISA. Humoral immune responses were assessed by hemagglutination inhibition (HI). In addition, vaccine efficacy was determined by intranasal viral challenge of mice using mouse-adapted H1N1 virus. Our results showed that the new vaccine formulation improved IFN-γ and IL-4 responses in the experimental mice. However, the increase was evident mainly in the aged group and, to some extent, in the young group. Results from the HI assay showed that α-tocopherol in the vaccine formulation could increase HI activity in both young and aged mice. Furthermore, α-tocopherol, as an adjuvant, increased the protectivity of the influenza vaccine in both aged and young groups through the decreased lung viral load and increased survival rate of the experimental mice. In conclusion, it seems that α-tocopherol can not only be used as an appropriate adjuvant for aged people, but also empower old and worn out cells to increase the effectiveness of the vaccine in the elderly.

Read more

The possible effects of α-tocopherol against amiodarone-treated lungs in rats: vimentin detection, lipid peroxidation assay, and histological and ultrastructural evaluations

Mohamed Samir Ahmed Zaki, Attalla F El-Kott, Hussah I M AlGwaiz, Shehata F Shehata, Muhammad Alaa Eldeen, Mohamed Andarawi, Refaat A Eid, Eman M Abd-Ella

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int . 2022 Apr 2. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-19883-8. Online ahead of print.

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to learn more about the pathogenesis of amiodarone (AD) on alveoli and also the possible preventive effect of α-tocopherol (α-T) against these hazards. Rats were divided into 4 groups, one of which acted as a control, the second received α-T, the third AD, and the fourth AD and α-T for 2 weeks. Light microscopy (LM), immunohistochemistry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and malondialdehyde (MDA) activity were analyzed in sections of lung tissue. Alveoli of lung tissue AD examined with LM showed dilatation of alveolar spaces, aggregation of red blood cells, and narrowing of alveolar septa. When stained with vimentin (VIM), alveoli showed a positive reaction in the majority and a moderate reaction in others. In the pneumocytes of the type II, some cytoplasmic vesicles had been deflated, whereas others contained lamellar bodies, a damaged nucleus, and vesicles in their heterochromatin. In the interstitial space, collagen fibers with aggregation of red blood cells and a disrupted blood-air barrier were detected. In rat lung alveoli treated with AD and α-T, the alveolar septum thickened and the alveolar spaces expanded as estimated. The alveoli of this group had more or less intact type I and II pneumocytes and a better appearance of the blood-air barrier. In the cells of the alveolar lining, the VIM staining leads to a diffuse positive response. Finally, lung parenchyma also improved, suggesting that α-T may help minimize the effects of AD.

Read More