Blog Archives

Vitamin E and Alzheimer’s disease: the mediating role of cellular aging

Casati M, Boccardi V, Ferri E, Bertagnoli L, Bastiani P, Ciccone S, Mansi M, Scamosci M, Rossi PD, Mecocci P, Arosio B

Aging Clin Exp Res. 2019 May 3. doi: 10.1007/s40520-019-01209-3. [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Vitamin E represents a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory system, playing a role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Different plasma concentrations of the forms of vitamin E are observed in AD compared to cognitively healthy subjects.

AIM:

Since these modifications may modulate the markers of oxidative stress and cellular aging, we aim to explore the relationship between vitamin E forms and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in AD.

METHODS:

53 AD subjects and 40 cognitively healthy controls (CTs) were enrolled. The vitamin E forms (α-, β-, γ- and δ-tocopherol, α-, β-, γ- and δ-tocotrienol), the ratio of α-tocopherylquinone/α-tocopherol and 5-nitro-γ-tocopherol/γ-tocopherol (markers of oxidative/nitrosative damage) and LTL were measured.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

Regression model was used to explore the associations of vitamin E forms and LTL with AD. The interaction of LTL in the association between vitamin E forms and AD was tested. AD subjects showed significantly lower concentrations of α-, β-, γ- and δ-tocopherol, α- and δ-tocotrienol, total tocopherols, total tocotrienols and total vitamin E compared to CTs. AD subjects showed higher values of nitrosative/oxidative damage. The adjusted analyses confirmed a significant relationship of AD with plasma concentrations of α- and β-tocopherols, δ-tocotrienol, total tocopherols, total tocotrienol, total vitamin E and oxidative/nitrosative damage. However, nitrosative damage was significantly associated with AD only in subjects with higher LTL and not in those expressing marked cellular aging.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our study confirms the role of vitamin E in AD pathology and indicates that nitrosative damage influences the association with AD only in subjects characterized by longer LTL.

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Cardioprotective effect of green tea extract and vitamin E on Cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity in mice: Toxicological, histological and immunohistochemical studies

Ibrahim MA, Bakhaat GA, Tammam HG, Mohamed RM, El-Naggar SA

Biomed Pharmacother. 2019 May;113:108731. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108731. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Cisplatin (CP) has been used in wide range for cancer treatment. Although nephrotoxicity of CP was the main complication, cardiotoxicity has been reported.

OBJECTIVES:

This study investigates the protective role of green tea extract (GTE) and vitamin E (Vit-E) against CP-induced cardiotoxicity, and assesses their impact on CP antitumor efficacy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Forty-eight male albino Balb/c mice were randomly divided into six groups, 8 per/group (Gp) were included. Gp1 served as control; Gp2 and Gp3 received oral GTE (400 mg/kg) and Vit-E (100 mg/kg) for 30 consecutive days respectively. Gp4 had received CP (7 mg/kg i.p.) once on the 27th day; Gp5 had received GTE (400 mg/kg p.o.) for 30 days and CP (7 mg/kg i.p.) on the 27th day. Gp6 had received Vit-E (100 mg/kg p.o.) for 30 days and CP (7 mg/kg i.p.) on the 27th day. Blood and tissues samples were harvested for biochemical and histopathological investigations. To evaluate the effect of GTE and Vit-E on the antitumor efficacy of CP, 49 female albino mice were inoculated intraperitoneally by Ehrlich ascetic carcinoma -cells (2 × 106/mouse) then treated with none, corn oil, CP, CP/GTE, CP/Vit-E, GTE or Vit-E.

RESULTS:

CP injection significantly increased Troponin I, CPK, CK-MB, malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) levels, while glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase levels were significantly reduced with disruption of cardiac muscle fibers, loss of striations, absence of intercalated disc, and the nuclei are pyknotic. Treatment with GTE and Vit-E improve the biochemical and histological parameters. Treatment with CP alone led to eradication of the tumor cells from the tumor-bearing mice. However, co-administration of GTE or Vit-E orally with CP did not interfere with its therapeutic effects.

CONCLUSION:

Treatment with GTE and Vit-E significantly ameliorated the CP cardiotoxicity and improved the myocardial histopathological architecture. GTE and Vit-E may be combined with CP to alleviate cardiotoxicity in cancer chemotherapy without interfering with its antitumor activity.

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Vitamin E – Oskia London

Tocopheryl acetate is the ester of Tocopherol (q.v.) and acetic acid and is classified as both an ester and heterocyclic compound. It is used as an antioxidant and a skin-conditioning active and is known by its more common name, Vitamin E. Vitamin E has been a hotly discussed topic in skin care for some time, but recent scientific research is proving its ability to assist the skin in various ways and showing that it has a very beneficial effect in helping prevent the signs of premature ageing. Scientific studies show us that Vitamin E (or often known as, Tocopherol) has very specific benefits to the skin.

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How to Make a High-performance Vitamin E Serum

Vitamin E is another highly-beneficial additive in the natural formulator’s stock cupboard and seems a common enough ingredient. However, there is a lot to discover and research when creating high-performance natural skincare and especially when using vitamin E. So, we decided to introduce our vitamin E serum formula with some valuable background on this vitamin’s forms and functions.

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The world’s healthiest food – Vitamin E

The most famous of the vitamin E group is alpha-tocopherol. Both with respect to diet and high-dose supplementation, it is among the most intensely studied of nutrients. This is because its ability to help prevent free radical damage is well documented Public health recommendations for vitamin E are typically measured in milligram equivalents of alpha-tocopherol equivalents, or mg ATE. You will find this abbreviation being used throughout our live website charts.

However, despite the current prominence of alpha-tocopherol in public health recommendations and nutrition research, scientists are also interested in potential health benefits associated with lesser studied members of the vitamin E family, especially the tocotrienols. Like tocopherols (including alpha-tocopherol), tocotrienols are naturally occurring forms of vitamin E. Since they cannot be converted by humans into alpha-tocopherol, the tocotrienols are not considered relevant in meeting vitamin E needs. However, preliminary studies suggest that tocotrienols can provide us with health benefits in a way that is distinct from alpha-tocopherol, as well as other tocopherols. We look forward to future research in this area.

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The effects of acrylamide and Vitamin E administration during pregnancy on adult rats testis

Erdemli Z, Erdemli ME, Turkoz Y, Gul M, Yigitcan B, Gozukara Bag H

Andrologia. 2019 Apr 17:e13292. doi: 10.1111/and.13292. [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract

Thirty rats, with confirmed pregnancies by vaginal smear, were divided into five groups, each including six rats, as the Control, Corn Oil, Vitamin E, Acrylamide, Vitamin E + Acrylamide groups. The births were monitored on the 21st day to select the male rats, and the selected male rats were decapitated at the end of the 8th week. Oxidant-antioxidant parameters, serum hormone levels and histopathological examinations were performed on testis tissues of the rats. It was found that acrylamide (AA) negatively affected the serum hormone levels (Total Testosterone, Progesterone, FSH, LH, Estradiol), oxidant-antioxidant parameters in the tissues (MDA, GSH, NO, SOD, CAT, TAS, TOS) (p < 0.05) and the histological findings (the Johnson’s score, seminiferous tubule diameter, histopathological images), and Vitamin Eadministration resulted with an increase in the total testosterone, progesterone, FSH, LH, GSH, TAS, NO, SOD, CAT levels (p < 0.05) and an improvement in histopathological findings. Currently, it is almost inevitable to be exposed to food-induced AA toxicity and such toxicity is likely to cause lifelong damage. It was concluded that Vitamin E was able to present a protective effect in the testis tissue against AA toxicity; however, further studies are necessary.

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α-Tocopherol, but Not γ-Tocopherol, Attenuates the Expression of Selective Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha-Induced Genes in Primary Human Aortic Cell Lines

Ranard KM, Kuchan MJ, Erdman JW Jr

Lipids. 2019 Apr 16. doi: 10.1002/lipd.12149. [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract

Of the antioxidant vitamin E isoforms, α-tocopherol (αT) and γ-tocopherol (γT) are the most abundant in the human diet, and αT is consumed from both natural and synthetic sources. αT and γT may differentially impact inflammation and influence cardiovascular outcomes, in part by modulating gene expression. The goal of this study was to compare the effects of natural αT, synthetic αT, and γT on gene expression in two human cell lines. Human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC) and endothelial cells (HAEC) were either: (1) treated with 25 μM tocopherolsalone, or (2) pretreated with tocopherols prior to a pro-inflammatory cytokine (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, TNF-α) stimulation. The expression of atherosclerosis-related genes was measured using RT2 Profiler PCR arrays. Tocopherol treatments alone did not significantly modulate the expression of genes in unstimulated HASMC or HAEC. TNF-α stimulation significantly upregulated genes involved with apoptosis and stress response in both cell lines. Pretreating cells with tocopherols did not normalize the gene expression changes induced by TNF-α. However, αT pretreatments, but not γT pretreatments, attenuated TNF expression in both HASMC and HAEC. These findings suggest that under stimulated conditions, αT modestly modulates the expression of selective genes and that αT may be more anti-inflammatory than γT.

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Stable Ozonides with Vitamin E Acetate versus Corticosteroid in the Treatment of Lichen Sclerosus in Foreskin: Evaluation of Effects on Inflammation

Russo T, Currò M, Ferlazzo N, Caccamo D, Perrone P, Arena S, Antonelli E, Antonuccio P, Ientile R, Romeo C, Impellizzeri P

Urol Int. 2019 Apr 16:1-7. doi: 10.1159/000499846. [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a disease of the skin of unclear etiology that can occur in the foreskin. Topical therapy with corticosteroids is recommended, but they can have side effects.

OBJECTIVES:

We aimed to compare the effects of ozonides with vitamin E acetate (OZOILE) versus topical corticosteroid in children undergoing circumcision.

METHOD:

Twenty children undergoing circumcision were treated before surgery: 10 children with OZOILE cream and 10 with 0.1% mometasone furoate once a day for 7 days. Ten age-matched patients with LS of the foreskin without any treatment were recruited as controls. Transcript levels of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and e-cadherin were evaluated in removed foreskins by qRT-PCR.

RESULTS:

OZOILE and steroid topical treatment produced a similar reduction of TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA levels in foreskins from patients with LS when compared to untreated patients (p < 0.001). OZOILE and steroid treatment caused an increase in the transcript levels of IL-13 and e-cadherin in the foreskin of patients affected by LS in comparison to untreated foreskin (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:

On the basis of our biochemical data, a randomized clinical trial might be useful to verify the actual clinical effect of OZOILE as alternative treatment to corticosteroids in children affected by LS of the foreskin.

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