Annatto-Derived Tocotrienol Promotes Mineralization of MC3T3-E1 Cells by Enhancing BMP-2 Protein Expression via Inhibiting RhoA Activation and HMG-CoA Reductase Gene Expression

Wan Hasan WN, Chin KY, Abd Ghafar N, Soelaiman IN

Drug Des Devel Ther. 2020 Mar 3;14:969-976. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S224941. eCollection 2020.

Abstract PURPOSE: Annatto-derived tocotrienol (AnTT) has been shown to improve bone formation in animal models of osteoporosis and promote differentiation of pre-osteoblastic cells. However, the mechanism of action of AnTT in achieving these effects is unclear. This study aims to investigate the mechanism of action of AnTT on MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts via the mevalonate pathway. METHODS: Murine pre-osteoblastic Read more…

Potential Role of Tocotrienols on Non-Communicable Diseases: A Review of Current Evidence

Wong SK, Kamisah Y, Mohamed N, Muhammad N, Masbah N, Fahami NAM, Mohamed IN, Shuid AN, Saad QM, Abdullah A, Mohamad NV, Ibrahim NI, Pang KL, Chow YY, Thong BKS, Subramaniam S, Chan CY, Ima-Nirwana S, Chin AK

Nutrients. 2020 Jan 19;12(1). pii: E259. doi: 10.3390/nu12010259.

Abstract Tocotrienol (T3) is a subfamily of vitamin E known for its wide array of medicinal properties. This review aimed to summarize the health benefits of T3, particularly in prevention or treatment of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, metabolic, gastric, and skin disorders, as well as cancers. Studies showed that T3 could prevent various NCDs, Read more…

Therapeutic effect of Vitamin E in preventing bone loss: An evidence-based review

Nazrun Shuid A, Das S, Mohamed IN

Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2019 Nov;89(5-6):357-370. doi: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000566.

Abstract The present review explored the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of vitamin E, which has protective action against osteoporosis. A systematic review of the literature was conducted to identify the published bone studies on vitamin E. The studies included inflammatory or immunology-related parameters. Medline and Scopus databases were searched for relevant studies published from 2005 till 2015. Read more…

Beneficial effects of δ-tocotrienol against oxidative stress in osteoblastic cells: studies on the mechanisms of action

Casati L, Pagani F, Limonta P, Vanetti C, Stancari G, Sibilia V

Eur J Nutr. 2019 Jul 6. doi: 10.1007/s00394-019-02047-9. [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract PURPOSE: Natural antioxidants are considered as promising compounds in the prevention/treatment of osteoporosis. We studied the ability of purified δ-tocotrienol (δ-TT) isolated from a commercial palm oil (Elaeis guineensis) fraction to protect osteoblast MC3T3-E1 and osteocyte MLO-Y4 cells against tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced oxidative damage and the mechanisms involved in its protective action in MC3T3-E1. METHODS: Read more…

The Molecular Mechanism of Vitamin E as a Bone-Protecting Agent: A Review on Current Evidence

Wong SK, Mohamad NV, Ibrahim N', Chin KY, Shuid AN, Ima-Nirwana S

Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Mar 22;20(6). pii: E1453. doi: 10.3390/ijms20061453.

Abstract Bone remodelling is a tightly-coordinated and lifelong process of replacing old damaged bone with newly-synthesized healthy bone. In the bone remodelling cycle, bone resorption is coupled with bone formation to maintain the bone volume and microarchitecture. This process is a result of communication between bone cells (osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and osteocytes) with paracrine and endocrine Read more…

Annatto-extracted tocotrienols improve glucose homeostasis and bone properties in high-fat diet-induced type 2 diabetic mice by decreasing the inflammatory response.

Shen CL, Kaur G, Wanders D, Sharma S, Tomison MD, Ramalingam L, Chung E, Moustaid-Moussa N, Mo H, Dufour JM

Sci Rep. 2018 Jul 27;8(1):11377. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-29063-9.

Abstract Diabetes is a risk factor for osteoporosis. Annatto-extracted tocotrienols (TT) have proven benefits in preserving bone matrix. Here, we evaluated the effects of dietary TT on glucose homeostasis, bone properties, and liver pro-inflammatory mRNA expression in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced type 2 diabetic (T2DM) mice. 58 male C57BL/6 J mice were divided into 5 groups: low-fat Read more…

Exploring the potential of tocotrienol from Bixa orellana as a single agent targeting metabolic syndrome and bone loss

Wong SK, Chin KY, Suhaimi FH, Ahmad F, Ima-Nirwana S

Bone. 2018 Jul 7. pii: S8756-3282(18)30260-6. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.07.003. [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with osteoporosis due to the underlying inflammatory and hormonal changes. Annatto tocotrienolhas been shown to improve medical complications associated with MetS or bone loss in animal studies. This study aimed to investigate the effects of annatto tocotrienol as a single treatment for MetS and osteoporosis in high-carbohydrate high-fat (HCHF) diet-induced MetS animals. Read more…

Annatto-derived tocotrienol stimulates osteogenic activity in preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells: a temporal sequential study

Wan Hasan WN, Abd Ghafar N, Chin KY, Ima-Nirwana S

Drug Des Devel Ther. 2018 Jun 13;12:1715-1726. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S168935. eCollection 2018.

Abstract PURPOSE: Annatto-derived tocotrienol (AnTT) has been shown to improve bone formation in animal models of osteoporosis. However, detailed studies of the effects of AnTT on preosteoblastic cells were limited. This study was conducted to investigate the osteogenic effect of AnTT on preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells in a time-dependent manner. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Murine MC3T3-E1 preosteoblastic cells were Read more…

Vitamin E improved bone strength and bone minerals in male rats given alcohol.

Zakaria S, Mat-Husain SZ, Ying-Hwey K, Xin-Kai K, Mohd-Badawi A, Abd-Ghani NA, Aziz MA, Mohamed N

Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2017 Dec;20(12):1360-1367. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2017.9610.

Abstract OBJECTIVES: Alcohol consumption induces oxidative stress on bone, which in turn increases the risk of osteoporosis. This study determined the effects of vitamin E on bone strength and bone mineral content in alcohol-induced osteoporotic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three months old Sprague Dawley male rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: (I) control group; Read more…

Tocotrienols for bone health: a translational approach.

Shen CL, Klein A, Chin KY, Mo H, Tsai P, Yang RS, Chyu MC, Ima-Nirwana S

Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2017 Aug;1401(1):150-165. doi: 10.1111/nyas.13449.

Abstract Osteoporosis, a degenerative bone disease, is characterized by low bone mass and microstructural deterioration of bone tissue resulting in aggravated bone fragility and susceptibility to fractures. The trend of extended life expectancy is accompanied by a rise in the prevalence of osteoporosis and concomitant complications in the elderly population. Epidemiological evidence has shown an Read more…