Blog Archives

Effect of vitamin E supplementation in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Haiyang Kou, Zhong Qing, Hao Guo, Rui Zhang, Jianbing Ma

Eur J Clin Nutr . 2022 Apr 25. doi: 10.1038/s41430-022-01148-9. Online ahead of print.

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of vitamin E in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Methods: A computerized search of PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases was conducted to find published randomized controlled trials of vitamin E in rheumatoid arthritis; the experimental group was treated with vitamin E, while the control group was treated with placebo, other drugs, or external therapy; the search period was from the time each database was established to December 31, 2021, and a meta-analysis was conducted using Rev Man 5.4 software.

Results: This research eventually comprised nine publications with a total of 39,845 patients. Vitamin E supplementation was shown to be more effective in individuals with RA for sensitive joints (MD = -1.66, 95% CI – -6.32-2.99; I2 = 93%; P < 0.00001) and swollen joints (MD = -0.46, 95% CI – -1.98-1.07; I2 = 56%; P = 0.08).

Conclusions: Vitamin E’s ability to restore the intestinal barrier and improve the gastrointestinal tract may be linked to the prevention and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Vitamin E supplements used on a regular basis can help individuals with RA reduce joint discomfort, edema, and stiffness, as well as enhance their overall quality of life.

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Study: Vitamin E Can Boost Immunotherapy Responses by Reinvigorating Dendritic Cells

Researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have found that vitamin E can enhance immunotherapy responses by stimulating the activity of dendritic cells in the tumor, according to findings published in Cancer Discovery.

The researchers found that vitamin E directly binds and blocks the activity of the SHP1 checkpoint protein in dendritic cells, which increases antigen presentation and primes T cells for an anti-tumor immune response. Further, the results lead to a possible new therapeutic approach to improve immunotherapy outcomes, including combinations with vitamin E, as well as directly targeting SHP1 in dendritic cells.

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Effects of Gamma-Tocotrienol on Intestinal Injury in a GI-Specific Acute Radiation Syndrome Model in Nonhuman Primate

Sarita Garg, Tarun K Garg, Stephen Y Wise, Oluseyi O Fatanmi, Isabelle R Miousse, Alena V Savenka, Alexei G Basnakian, Vijay K Singh, Martin Hauer-Jensen

Int J Mol Sci . 2022 Apr 22;23(9):4643. doi: 10.3390/ijms23094643.

Abstract

The gastrointestinal (GI) system is highly susceptible to irradiation. Currently, there is no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medical countermeasures for GI radiation injury. The vitamin E analog gamma-tocotrienol (GT3) is a promising radioprotector in mice and nonhuman primates (NHP). We evaluated GT3-mediated GI recovery in total-body irradiated (TBI) NHPs. Sixteen rhesus macaques were divided into two groups; eight received vehicle and eight GT3 24 h prior to 12 Gy TBI. Proximal jejunum was assessed for structural injuries and crypt survival on day 4 and 7. Apoptotic cell death and crypt cell proliferation were assessed with TUNEL and Ki-67 immunostaining. Irradiation induced significant shortening of the villi and reduced mucosal surface area. GT3 induced an increase in crypt depth at day 7, suggesting that more stem cells survived and proliferated after irradiation. GT3 did not influence crypt survival after irradiation. GT3 treatment caused a significant decline in TUNEL-positive cells at both day 4 (p &lt; 0.03) and 7 (p &lt; 0.0003). Importantly, GT3 induced a significant increase in Ki-67-positive cells at day 7 (p &lt; 0.05). These data suggest that GT3 has radioprotective function in intestinal epithelial and crypt cells. GT3 should be further explored as a prophylactic medical countermeasure for radiation-induced GI injury.

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Study: Tocotrienols Show Benefits for Alzheimer’s Disease

NYC, New York—A study published in the journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports suggests that tocotrienols may improve brain function in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). The study suggests that the vitamin E compounds—alpha-tocotrienol (α-T3), gamma-tocotrienol (γ-T3), and alpha-tocopherol—may reduce amyloid beta (Aβ) plaque accumulation and improved cognitive health.

Patients with AD have lower tocopherols and tocotrienol levels compared to the healthy population, furthering the link between vitamin E and cognitive health, noted Bryan See, Vice President of PhytoGaia, in a press release outlining the findings.

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Team Investigates Anti-Obesity Effects of Vitamin E Using Mouse Model

Obesity and its consequences on overall health have become a serious global problem. However, very few substances or drugs can fight obesity. In a recent study, Japanese researchers investigated the anti-obesity effects of tocotrienols, a subtype of vitamin E. Experiments showed that tocotrienols significantly reduce the weight gained by mice on a high-fat diet, while also lowering “bad” cholesterol levels. The results pave the way to efficient treatments for obesity.

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Dermatologists Break Down Exactly How Vitamin E Benefits the Skin—and Why You’ll Want to Double Down On It

If you’re on a quest for vibrant, dewy skin, you’ve likely been told to double down on vitamin E. It’s a nutrient dermatologists regularly preach the importance of. But knowing exactly how it benefits the skin and the best ways to reap these benefits isn’t so straightforward.

For example, will eating vitamin E-rich foods yield the same results as applying vitamin E-containing topical products? And who exactly should be prioritizing vitamin E anyway? You’ve come to the right place for answers. Here, dermatologists answer these questions and more.

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Vitamin E Enhances Cancer Immunotherapy by Reinvigorating Dendritic Cells via Targeting Checkpoint SHP1

Xiangliang Yuan, Yimin Duan, Yi Xiao, Kai Sun, Yutao Qi, Yuan Zhang, Zamal Ahmed, Davide Moiani, Jun Yao, Hongzhong Li, Lin Zhang, Arseniy E Yuzhalin, Ping Li, Chenyu Zhang, Akosua Badu-Nkansah, Yohei Saito, Xianghua Liu, Wen-Ling Kuo, Haoqiang Ying, Shao-Cong Sun, Jenny C Chang, John A Tainer, Dihua Yu

Cancer Discov . 2022 Apr 14;candisc.0900.2021. doi: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-21-0900. Online ahead of print.

Abstract

Despite the popular use of dietary supplements during conventional cancer treatments, their impacts on the efficacies of prevalent immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint therapy (ICT), are unknown. Surprisingly, our analyses of electronic health records revealed that ICT-treated cancer patients who took vitamin E (VitE) had significantly improved survival. In mouse models, VitE increased ICT antitumor efficacy, which depended on dendritic cells (DCs). VitE entered DCs via SCARB1 receptor and restored tumor-associated DCs’ functionality by directly binding to and inhibiting protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP1, a DC-intrinsic checkpoint. SHP1 inhibition, genetically, or by VitE treatment, enhanced tumor antigen cross-presentation by DCs and DC-derived extracellular vesicles (DC-EVs) triggering systemic antigen-specific T cell antitumor immunity. Combining VitE with DC-recruiting cancer vaccines, or immunogenic chemotherapies, greatly boosted ICT efficacy in animals. Therefore, combining VitE supplement, or SHP1-inhibited DCs/DC-EVs, with DCs-enrichment therapies could substantially augment T cell antitumor immunity and enhance the efficacies of cancer immunotherapies.

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Can Low-Dose of Dietary Vitamin E Supplementation Reduce Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage and Oxidative Stress? A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Myunghee Kim, Hyeyoon Eo, Josephine Gahyun Lim, Hyunjung Lim, Yunsook Lim

Nutrients . 2022 Apr 12;14(8):1599. doi: 10.3390/nu14081599.

Abstract

Vitamin E plays an important role in attenuating muscle damage caused by oxidative stress and inflammation. Despites of beneficial effects from antioxidant supplementation, effects of antioxidants on exercise-induced muscle damage are still unclear. The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate the effects of dietary vitamin E supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The literature search was conducted through PubMed, Medline, Science Direct, Scopus, SPORTDiscuss, EBSCO, Google Scholar database up to February 2022. A total of 44 RCTs were selected, quality was assessed according to the Cochrane collaboration risk of bias tool (CCRBT), and they were analyzed by Revman 5.3. Dietary vitamin E supplementation had a protective effect on muscle damage represented by creatine kinase (CK; SMD -1.00, 95% CI: -1.95, -0.06) and lactate dehydrogenase (SMD -1.80, 95% CI: -3.21, -0.39). Muscle damage was more reduced when CK was measured immediately after exercise (SMD -1.89, 95% CI: -3.39, -0.39) and subjects were athletes (SMD -5.15, 95% CI: -9.92, -0.39). Especially vitamin E supplementation lower than 500 IU had more beneficial effects on exercise-induced muscle damage as measured by CK (SMD -1.94, 95% CI: -2.99, -0.89). In conclusion, dietary vitamin E supplementation lower than 500 IU could prevent exercise-induced muscle damage and had greater impact on athletes.

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Effect of vitamin E supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors, inflammatory and oxidative markers and hormonal functions in PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome): a systematic review and meta-analysis

Ghazale Tefagh, Moloud Payab, Mostafa Qorbani, Farshad Sharifi, Yasaman Sharifi, Mahbubeh Sadat Ebrahimnegad Shirvani, Farzad Pourghazi, Rasha Atlasi, Zhaleh Shadman, Nafiseh Rezaei, Erfan Mohammadi-Vajari, Bagher Larijani, Mahbube Ebrahimpur

Sci Rep . 2022 Apr 6;12(1):5770. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-09082-3.

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy among reproductive-age women. Various therapeutical approaches are currently used to manage or control symptoms associated with PCOS. This systematic review intended to assess the effects of Vit E supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors, inflammatory and oxidative markers, and hormonal functions in PCOS women based on the clinical trial’s results. The databases including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Embase were used to find all relevant studies. The authors reviewed all relevant clinical trials via systematic evaluation of abstracts and titles. Searches were conducted on August 1, 2020. After the initial search and reading of the article’s title and abstract, 353 articles were reviewed; finally, 12 articles met the inclusion criteria. Vitamin E supplementation improves lipid profile, decreases insulin and HOMA-IR levels. Furthermore, while Vitamin E supplementation decreases LH and testosterone concentrations, it increases FSH and progestrone concentrations. The following meta-analysis showed that vitamin E supplementation made statistically significant improvements in triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) levels, meanwhile, pooled mean difference for waist circumference (WC) and HOMA-IR were also statistically significant. Supplementary regimens containing vitamin E can positively affect metabolic and hormonal parameters in women with PCOS.

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